MIT ChE Class 1966

MIT ChE Class 1966

The year 2016 makes the 50th anniversary of our class. From this inauspicious beginnings we rose as one group of individuals in our chosen profession in the mother country and our beloved USA. We became a part of a huge extended family, no matter the miles that separate us, yet find unity in a common experience and purpose.. Forever classmates...AMOR PATRIAE

Thursday, May 09, 2019




Captured: End of Summer 
Their hearts have not grown old;
Passion or conquest, wander where they will,
Attend upon them still.













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE TREES are in their autumn beauty,
The woodland paths are dry,
Under the October twilight the water
Mirrors a still sky;
Upon the brimming water among the stones
Are nine-and-fifty swans.

The nineteenth autumn has come upon me
Since I first made my count;
I saw, before I had well finished,
All suddenly mount
And scatter wheeling in great broken rings
Upon their clamorous wings.

I have looked upon these brilliant creatures,
And now my heart is sore.
All’s changed since I, hearing at twilight,
The first time on this shore,
The bell-beat of their wings above my head,
Trod with a lighter tread.

Unwearied still, lover by lover,
They paddle in the cold,
Companionable streams or climb the air;
Their hearts have not grown old;
Passion or conquest, wander where they will,
Attend upon them still.

But now they drift on the still water
Mysterious, beautiful;
Among what rushes will they build,
By what lake’s edge or pool
Delight men’s eyes, when I awake some day
To find they have flown away?….WB Yeats



RIP MIKE BERNARDINO






THE YOUTH OF MY ERA


These vibrant comic book covers appear to be the epitome of science fiction, but within their eye-catching illustrations are scarily accurate predictions of life in the 21st century.
The retro covers imagine a world where plastic surgery is common place, man walks on the moon and patients are fitted with artificial hearts.
And although these subjects may not seem that groundbreaking today, all of the covers were published more than 80 years ago between 1929 and 1939.
The retro covers imagine a world where plastic surgery is common place, man walks on the moon and patients are fitted with artificial hearts. On the left is a 1939 cover depicting a fountain of youth which rejuvenates the human body in a beauty parlour of the future. The left image of World without Women depicts a robot saving humanity from extinction. It was published in 1939
For instance, the now infamous moon landing of 1969 was predicted 40 years earlier in the Moon Strollers comic of 1929.
That same year, illustrators predicted that in the future scientists would develop machines that read the subconscious mind and project its thoughts as images, titled Into the Subconscious.
A number of breakthroughs in this field were made just last week.
A student from the University of Washington, fitted with an EEG cap, successfully controlled the hand of a friend sitting half a mile away.
The two students played a game in which cannons had to be fired on-screen. The ‘sender’ thought about firing the cannon, which then moved the hand of the ‘receiver’. 
Yesterday, Google-owned Boston Dynamics unveiled its latest version of the Atlas robots, and the tech giant is developing software that acts like a human.These areas of research will pave the way for the Robot A.1, featured on a comic book cover in 1939, which shows a giant robot controlled by a human brain (left). Pictured on the right is an 1932 illustration of what a city on Mars might look like
 
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This retro cover of Kidnapped into the Future shows a man from the year 4230 travelling by time machine back to mid-20th century
Meanwhile, the '#scanners' project allows users to manipulate a digital art installation using a headset that creates a visual record of a person's subconscious mind.
An animator in Manchester said it will give people a glimpse into a dream world, and it uses a £100 ($150) headset developed by technology company NeuroSky. 
The collection - from titles including Marvel, Amazing Stories and Wonder Stories - also includes a host of recognisable scenes including one cover, created in 1939, called World Without Death.
On the left is Secret of the Buried City, a 1939 comic about how the Earth is destroyed to make way for a better civilisation. The right image of 4-sided triangle, also from 1939, shows a scientist cloning the body of a young woman in his laboratory
 
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These vibrant comic book covers appear to be the epitome of science fiction, but within their eye-catching illustrations are scarily accurate predictions of life in the 21st century. For instance, the now infamous moon landing of 1969 was predicted 40 years earlier in the Moon Strollers comic of 1929 (pictured)
CAN BODIES PREDICT THE FUTURE?
Deja vu, unexplained shivers down the spine, hairs on the back of your neck...people have always believed the body has many ways of telling you something that is about to happen.
But a recent scientific research paper claims to have discovered that your body can predict the future. 
Scientists said that during tests they found proof people can anticipate events, or realise something is about to happen, without cues.
The paper, in the Frontiers of Perception Science journal, claimed that after studying people's reactions in different tests, they found that subjects could 'predict' that something out of the ordinary was about to happen.
But some scientists said the findings showed scientists were looking for evidence of 'presentiment' and didn't actually prove that it existed.
In the image, a doctor is seen fitting a patient with an artificial heart - reminiscent of Matthew Green, who become the first Britain discharged from hospital with a completely artificial heart in 2011.
Yesterday, Google-owned Boston Dynamics unveiled its latest version of the Atlas robots, and the tech giant is developing software that acts like a human.
These areas of research will pave the way for the Robot A.1, featured on a comic book cover in 1939, which shows a giant robot controlled by a human brain.
During this year’s World Cup, for example, a paraplegic used a mind-controlled exoskeleton to walk on the pitch and kick the first ball of the tournament.
And last month, scientists revealed two patients fitted with radical new mind-controlled artificial limbs that link directly with their skeleton and nervous system.
While many of the covers appear to be a fairly accurate prediction of the future, others are thankfully yet to come to fruition.
One comic, dubbed Cities in the Air, sees New York become an airborne city, elevated above the Earth’s surface to avoid pollutants and Secret of the Buried City, in which Earth is destroyed to make way for a better civilisation.
Another retro cover of Kidnapped into the Future shows a man from the year 4230 travelling by time machine back to mid-20th century America. 
Scientists may not have achieved time travel yet, but that hasn't stopped it being source of fascination for science fiction writers and illustrations, today, as it was back in the 1930s.  
Illustrators predicted that in the future scientists would develop machines that read the subconscious mind and project its thoughts as images, titled ‘Into the Subconscious’. A number of breakthroughs in this field were made just last week. A student from the University of Washington, fitted with an EEG cap, successfully controlled the hand of a friend sitting half a mile away





One-Way Tunnel shows the American city being destroyed while the Statue of Liberty looks on, published in 1935. (left). The World without Death by Polton Cross, published in 1939, shows a doctor fitting a patient with an artificial heart (right). This is reminiscent of Matthew Green, who become the first Britain discharged from hospital with a completely artificial heart in 2011
The 1929 Cities in the Air comic shows New York as an airborne ‘travelling city’, elevated above the Earth’s surface to avoid pollutants (left). On the right, the 1935 Phantom Monsters comic shows a diver finding marine life in the depths of the ocean









































We wanted to see life without violence. We wanted media that contained truth. Some of us risked our lives to find out what the government was doing and let the underground press know. We wanted to talk about things in print that we were not allowed to discuss in our culture of origin. We wanted to live without stupid, arbitrary rules, either for ourselves or for our children. Some of our children, as adults today, say they wish we had been more protective of them, or offered more structure.It was a moment in history when a mushroom explosion of consciousness began altering the life force. Through that explosion, we broke down the prison walls of "intellect as the ultimate".  We focused on the heart, and by doing so, reopened our cookie jar of possibilities·politically, socially, sexually and spiritually. The effects of that explosion have permeated our culture.
A Jackson Police Department file booking photograph of Freedom Rider Joan Trumpauer provided by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History, taken on June 8, 1961. 19-year-old Duke University student and part-time secretary in the Washington office of Senator Clair Engle of California, Trumpauer arrived in Jackson, Mississippi to take part in the June 4, 1961 Mississippi Freedom Ride. She and eight others were promptly arrested and refused bail. Trumpauer served three months in jail, later enrolling in traditionally black Tougaloo college, which had just started accepting white students. (AP Photo/Mississippi Department of Archives and History, City of Jackson, File) #1947 Lincoln Continental Image

1947 Lincoln Continental Image

My first car, that I bought from my parents. I called her “Black Beauty”. She fulfilled my love for cars and girls.
More than 58,000 Americans lost their lives in the conflict in Indochina that ended in 1975.
One of the most famous images in the collection by Burrows is the shot 'Reaching Out,' the moment when wounded Gunnery Sgt. Jeremiah Purdie, photographed with a blood-stained bandage tied around his head, is drawn to his fellow soldier, who lays wounded on the ground. Though some of the pictures by the renowned war photographer did appear in the magazine in the 1970s, some never made it to publication and are being seen for the first time in the LIFE.com gallery.
The war correspondent has been praised for his indefatigable commitment to chronicle the conflict through pictures that communicated the horror of the fighting and honored the lives lost in the conflict in a way words just never could fully transmit.
Wounded Marine Gunnery Sgt. Jeremiah Purdie
Reaching Out: Wounded Marine Gunnery Sgt. Jeremiah Purdie (center, with bandaged head) reaches toward a stricken comrade after a fierce firefight
Read more:
American Marine gets bandaged during Operation Prairie
Battle: A dazed, wounded American Marine gets bandaged during Operation Prairie
Four Marines
Fallen: Four Marines recover the body of Marine fire team leader Leland Hammond as their company comes under fire near Hill 484. (At right is the French-born photojournalist Catherine Leroy)

THE YOUTH IN THE HOME FRONT

Fifty-years, eight presidents and numerous conspiracy theories have been floated and dismissed since Lee Harvey Oswald gunned down President John F. Kennedy in Dallas on November 22nd 1963.
The images from that day, even half-a-century on, are burnt onto the memories of a generation of Americans.
Places such as the grassy knoll, the Texas Book Depository and Dealey Plaza are now sites of historical importance for a nation that supposedly lost its post-war innocence as Walter Cronkite lowered his glasses to announce the president's death with a lump in his throat.
This image combines the moment that President Kennedy and his wife, First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis greeted supporters at Dallas Love Field in Dallas, Texas, with the same location today
Fateful day: This image combines the moment that President John F. Kennedy and his wife, First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy, greeted supporters as they arrived at Dallas Love Field in Dallas, Texas, on the day of his assassination five decades ago, with an image of the same location today, showing how it has become a lonely car park
Sniper's nest: This image combines cars travelling on the road past The Texas School Book Depository on Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas, photographed from Elm and Commerce Streets
Sniper's nest: This image combines cars travelling on the road past The Texas School Book Depository on Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. The repository has since closed and reopened as the Sixth-Floor Museum, after the spot where, the official story has it, communist-inspired assassin Lee Harvey Oswald fired his fateful shots
U.S. Secret Service agents and local police examining the presidential limousine outside Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas
The aftermath: A combination picture places U.S. Secret Service agents and local police examining the presidential limousine outside Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas, as President Kennedy is treated inside the hospital after being shot into the same spot today
Preserved as if they are almost frozen in time at the exact moment JFK lost his life, locations such as Oswald's home in the Oak Cliff neighborhood of Dallas and the Texas Theater where the assassin was apprehended still hold an eerie quality.
Indeed, pictures spliced together that show then and now of sites infamous from the shooting reveal so little has changed that they could be taken one day apart - the only give away being the fashion, cars and iPad's seen in the modern day images.
More...
Hundreds of thousands of curious visitors roam Dealey Plaza each year, keen to see the site, some unable to get past the significance of what happened there - not half a century later, maybe not ever.
Witness the image of terrified onlookers taking cover with the grassy knoll as they duck from bullets whistling past them that hit the president with the easy grin in whom so much hope was invested.
Contrasted with the modern day tourists taking a 'selfie' hoping to put themselves into the same place where Jacqueline Kennedy, forever frozen in pink and pillbox hat tried desperately to clamber back on the limousine as her husband lay mortally wounded.
Even as the world lurched forward, Pause was pressed on that moment, and Play has never really been pressed again.
Preserved: A uniformed policeman points to the spot where officers finally caught up with Oswald after Kennedy's assassination
Preserved: A uniformed policeman points to the spot where officers finally caught up with Oswald after Kennedy's assassination, in a photo-montage which shows how little the location - the Texas theatre in Dallas - has changed to this day
A nation grieves: Flower arrangements and onlookers line Elm Street following Kennedy's killing, a spot which is these days barely marked
A nation grieves: Flower arrangements and onlookers line Elm Street following Kennedy's killing, a spot which is these days barely marked
These photo-montages have been produced by MailOnline from pictures released by the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library in the lead up to the 50th anniversary of his assassination this coming Friday.
The now infamous image of Oswald posing with a rifle in one hand and communist newspapers in his other in the backyard of his home at 214 W. Neely Street show little has changed in the half-century since.
The photograph of Oswald has been poured over for decades by conspiracy theorists who propose the image is a fake - an early attempt at photo-manipulation, designed to concrete the assassin's role as the fall-guy in the murder of the president.
A combination picture shows (L) Bill and Gayle Newman, civilian eyewitnesses to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, covering their children as CBS News photographer Tom Craven
A combination picture shows (L) Bill and Gayle Newman, civilian eyewitnesses to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, covering their children as CBS News photographer Tom Craven (C) and White House photographer Tom Atkins (R) take pictures in Dealey Plaza after shots were fired at Kennedy on November 22, 1963 in this White House handout photograph, and (R) visitors to Dealey Plaza using a tablet computer to photograph the site where President John F. Kennedy was shot nearly 50 years earlier, in Dallas Texas on November 10, 2013
A combination picture shows (L) the motorcade of U.S. President John F. Kennedy as it moves through downtown Fort Worth, Texas in this White House handout photograph taken on November 22, 1963
A combination picture shows (L) the motorcade of U.S. President John F. Kennedy as it moves through downtown Fort Worth, Texas in this White House handout photograph taken on November 22, 1963 and (R) The Tarrant County Courthouse seen from Main Street in downtown Fort Worth, Texas on November 8, 2013
It was from this home on the morning of November 22nd, 1963, that Oswald left his wedding ring in a cup on the dresser and left $170 in one of its drawers before he headed for work at the Texas School Book Depository.
Meanwhile the scene on Patton avenue where J.D. Tippit was gunned down by Oswald 45 minutes after he assassinated Kennedy has hardly changed in the intervening years.
Tippit was in his patrol car when he stopped him walking down Patton Avenue. He talked to him through the window and got out.
Seconds later Oswald shot him three times from a .38 calibre revolver and fired once more into the officer's right temple as he lay on the Dallas sidewalk.
Tippit was dead before any help could arrive. Oswald was later arrested after he was acting suspiciously and ducked into the Texas Theater without buying a ticket as police sirens approached.
A police photograph which shows the interior of the theater where Oswald was apprehended retains its historical immediacy till this day.
Family man
Family man: Kennedy, left, is shown with his brother U.S. Senator Edward Kennedy, second-left, and his daughter Caroline, watching as their friend Lem Billings launches a toy boat behind the family's home in Hyannis Port, Massachusetts in July 1963. It is combined with an image of a woman walking her dog at the same spot last week
One of Kennedy's campaign banners from his 1952 Congressional bid hangs over the Main Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts
Promising politician: One of Kennedy's campaign banners from his 1952 Congressional bid hangs over Main Street in Wakefield, Massachusetts - a street which, save for the updated vehicles, appears little different today to how it looked six decades ago
Kennedy is seen in this image surrounded by people outside the Town Hall in Methuen, Massachusetts in 1958. The same building is now occupied by small businesses
Campaigning: Kennedy is seen in this image surrounded by people outside the Town Hall in Methuen, Massachusetts in 1958. The same building is now occupied by small businesses in the lead up to the anniversary of Kennedy's assassination this Friday
Kennedy photo-montage
Bringing the past to life: A photo-montage combines an image of the then U.S. Congressman John F. Kennedy campaigning for the U.S. Senate with then President Harry Truman in Boston, Massachusetts in October 1952, with the scene today at the Boston Public Garden
Even Parkland Memorial Hospital feels ghostly when photographed today - 50-years on from the pandemonium that greeted the frantic efforts by doctors to save the leader of the free world.
The President still had a faint pulse when he was admitted to Parkland Hospital. As doctors began administering a massive blood transfusion, Jackie Kennedy, in her blood-and-gore-soaked Chanel suit, handed doctors what she had been cupping in her hands since the shooting: the piece of her husband's brain.
The doctors tried to force Jackie Kennedy to leave as they worked on her husband, but she refused.
'I will not leave,' she said. 'It’s my husband. His blood, his brains, are all over me.'
When doctors informed Mrs Kennedy that her husband had died, she was unable to speak, simply mouthing, 'I know.'
Medical staff watched as Jackie Kennedy tenderly kissed her husband's white foot, sticking out from beneath the sheet doctors had covered him with.
She pulled the sheet back to expose her husband's face and shoulders.
And most shockingly of all, it was at Dealey Plaza as shots rang out from a sniper's gun that Jackie Kennedy turned to see her husband's face as he was hit.
His expression would haunt her for the rest of her life.
'He looked puzzled,' she later said. 'I remember he looked as if he just had a slight headache.'
'I could see a piece of his skull coming off,' she recalled.
'It was flesh-colored, not white. I can see this perfectly clean piece detaching itself from his head. Then he slumped in my lap.'
Tourists walk past the scene where Kennedy once stood beneath the stature of Paul Revere to campaign for his first political office as Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 11th districtLee Harvey Oswald 'holding a rifle in one hand and Communist newspapers in the other' in the backyard of 214 W. Neely Street


Tourists walk where Kennedy once stood beneath the statue of Paul Revere to campaign to become Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 11th district. Right, Lee Harvey Oswald is shown 'holding a rifle in one hand and Communist newspapers in the other' in the backyard of 214 W. Neely Street, Dallas
The former residence of Lee Harvey Oswald at 214 West Neely Street in the Oak Cliff neighbourhood of Dallas, Texas, is little changed to this day
The former residence of Lee Harvey Oswald at 214 West Neely Street in the Oak Cliff neighbourhood of Dallas, Texas, is little changed to this day
The world watched as a stricken Jackie Kennedy crawled over the trunk of the Lincoln the couple were traveling in and reached out.
To many, it appeared she was trying to reach out to a Secret Service agent.
In fact, she was grasping for a large piece of her husband's skull and brain that had landed on the car's hood.
Christopher Anderson writes in These Few Precious Days that Jackie Kennedy whispered, 'Jack, Jack, Jack! Can you hear me?
His blue eyes were wide open and fixed.
'I love you, Jack,' she said. 'I love you.'
The 50th anniversary of the Kennedy assassination is on Friday.



HOSSEGOR, FRANCE - OCTOBER 5: Kelly Slater of the USA in action during his victory over Paul Canning of South Africa at the Quiksilver Pro at Hossegor, France on October 5, 2002. Slater advances to the quater finals where he takes on Australian surfer Luke Hitchings. (Photo by Grant Ellis/Getty Images) #
A surfer carves the wave at the Jaws Tow-In World Cup in Pe'' Ahi, Maui, Hawaii in January of 2002. Donald Miralle/Getty Images #




A surfer rides a wave in South Africa in April of 1997. Mike Hewitt /Allsport
















LOVE SUPREME: AN INTERRACIAL ROMANCE TRIUMPHS IN 1960S VIRGINIA
Richard Loving kisses his wife Mildred as he arrives home from work, King and Queen County, Virginia, April 1965.
Evocative: This photograph showing American soldiers boarding a Chinook helicopter is one of 2,000 taken by Charlie Haughtrey during his tour of duty 



Evocative: This photograph showing American soldiers boarding a Chinook helicopter is one of 2,000 taken by Charlie Haughey during his tour of duty
Tough: Soldiers wore towels around their necks to wipe away sweat in the relentless jungle heat
Tough: Soldiers wore towels around their necks to wipe away sweat in the relentless jungle heat
Locals: Vietnamese children peer through a gate at the American photographer during his tour in 1968-9
Locals: Vietnamese children peer through a gate at the American photographer during his tour in 1968-9
Time out: Soldiers enjoy a brief moment of relaxation as they ride a Chinook over Vietnam
Time out: Soldiers enjoy a brief moment of relaxation as they ride a Chinook over Vietnam
Last year a chance discovery brought the images to light again - and this week they are going on display in an exhibition casting new light on the controversial conflict.
Mr Haughey had been at art school in his native Michigan as a young man, but ran out of money and started working in a factory.
In October 1967, he was drafted into the Army and sent to San Francisco to be deployed.
He says his carefree attitude encouraged him to 'just go with the flow' - but he was astute enough to alter his personnel file to claim that he was a photographer, sensing that this might give him an advantage in Vietnam.




In the twilight of age all things seem strange and phantasmal,
  As between daylight and dark ghost-like the landscape 
My heart goes back to wander there,
And among the dreams of the days that were,
  I find my lost youth again.
    And the strange and beautiful song,
    The groves are repeating it still:
  "A boy's will is the wind's will,
And the thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts."
I should not be withheld but that some day
into their vastness I should steal away,
Fearless of ever finding open land,
or highway where the slow wheel pours the sand...RF






















Ah me! the forty five years since last we met

Seem to me forty folios bound and set

By Time, the great transcriber, on his shelves,

Wherein are written the histories of ourselves.

”Those were the days my friend”

What tragedies, what comedies, are there;

What joy and grief, what rapture and despair!

What chronicles of triumph and defeat,

Of struggle, and temptation, and retreat!

What records of regrets, and doubts, and fears

What pages blotted, blistered by our tears!

What lovely landscapes on the margin shine,

What sweet, angelic faces, what divine

And holy images of love and trust,

Undimmed by age, unsoiled by damp or dust! ……HWL 


























I have collected tidbits and stats from our college years from colleagues, mostly pictures depicting our field trips from Balara to Bagiuo, to our oath taking as newly registered chemical engineers, and finally to our latest pictures of today in our 60's. It did not seem much before, as I mused over the letters and e-mails, but collectively the combination of the pictures and the words became alive. Now, in my mature years, I look back to the days gone by. I relish the memories, and then marvel at how far we have gone forward the milestones and challenges. These we should be proud off to share with every classmate .......... The year 2011 makes the 45th anniversary of our class. From this inauspicious beginnings we rose as one group of individuals in our chosen profession within the mother country and our beloved USA. We became a part of a huge extended family, no matter the miles that separate us, yet find unity in a common experience and purpose.. Forever classmates....


Time waits for no one....it passes us by, and on to the golden years. While maybe, the forty five years since graduation, was challenging in a new strange land, we prevailed the struggles, temptations, and retreats. My retirement since 2005 has been wonderful, and hopefully, you are successful in yours. I thank God for this gift, that we were given the chance, for the education and training on our special profession; The chance to prosper in a land of peace and plenty. It was not easy and now with the economy on the rocks, it is far arduous and difficult to get to where we are. I find it compelling or my duty to give, contribute for the next generation and the global community that made my life worthwhile. To whom much is given, much is expected. - Luke 12:48. It is therefore fitting for us blessed, to organize, protect, nurture, keep faith with our beloved country, to end destruction of natural habitats, appreciate nature and the environment in whatever we can...ASC 














To The Class of '66,



We are on to the next or maybe the last chapter of our life. As we age and the time passes us by, on to the golden years, it is best to embolden our friendship that was put on hold because of our immediate priorities to our families. It is for this reason, that we need to reminisce the old days even more, first with letters and pictures then join together like the classmates of old, with a common goal.



I thank God for this gift, that we were given the chance, for the education and training for our special profession; The chance to prosper in a land of peace and plenty. While maybe, the forty five years since graduation, was challenging in a new strange land, we prevailed the struggles, temptations, and retreats. As the poem said above, it was not so easy. Now with the economy on the rocks, it is far arduous and difficult to get to where we are.



In retrospect, I find it compelling or my duty to give, contribute for the next generation and the global community that made my life worthwhile. To whom much is given, much is expected. - Luke 12:48. It is therefore fitting for us blessed, to organize, protect, nurture, keep faith with our beloved country, appreciate nature and the environment in whatever we can.



Bringing in the enviroment into light, we also can only hope that the alarming climate change and the ecological responses are 50 to 100 years away. But it's not 50 to 100 years away -- it's happening now in forest ecosystems through fire. The facts are unequivocal, and point to a troubling future ahead. Over 2100 fires, scorching some 900,000 acres, have set a new 2008 record for early-season wildfires in California.We are certainly in the midst of Global Warming;crisis of floods and droughts through out the planet. Skeptics, the debate is over, join our goal to STOP using fossil fuels as quickly as possible, to PLANT trees and end all destruction of natural habitat and PREPARE for what cannot now be stopped. Even small things make a difference spread over a large population.There are three levels of action: Personal, Political and to Prepare. They all require enormous personal and governmental commitment. The third, to Prepare for the impact of what cannot be stopped........



It is a premiere topic of our generation, about saving our wonderful planet earth, and also ourselves too. In my efforts to emphasize my solutions and prevention of the catastrophe ahead, I recall the quotation. "Tell people something they know already and they will thank you for it. Tell them something new and they will hate you for it." With that, I hope not to fall in the latter category. My goal is to keep everybody abreast and involved to prevent the future dim scenario in the mother country. If we do not implement the gentle methods to placate our environment, the Philippines and all areas in "the tropics with its few resources and growing population will resort to war and violence to satisfy the hunger of the populace in this climate catastrophe." What we have sown in this planet will bring forth a harsh aftermath and gone will be the pleasant existence of our past. This topic has become a moral issue. The havoc and destruction will be more than the combined effects of WWI, WWII and the 1929 depression. It is about, how the recent generations could destroy all what man has created in the past 10,000 years............ASC






Before and After Classmates














































Sandwiched in between the generations of new postwar families and their boom of babies was a generation of teenagers.  Teens were marginalized by the adults, who didn't want to be bothered with the very different values of teenagers.  There were a few television shows aimed at young children, nothing for teenagers, and nothing on the radio speaking to teen life.  Teenagers felt left out, ignored, disenfranchised.
Then the teens started to hear music about their world — songs about high school sweethearts, wild parties and fast cars, sung by other teens.  They were hungry for some recognition of their generation, some validation, and when it came, they embraced it.  Momentum started to build as this generation developed their own image and style, combined with the purchasing power of an increasingly influential demographic.  The word "teen-ager" was newly coined at this time.
Second phase: condemnation. With the increased teen presence came disapproval, as marginalization and indifference turned into active condemnation of teenagers by parents and local authorities.  Teen dances were shut down, rock'n'roll records were banned, and students were expelled for a multitude of rule infractions.
There have always been inter-family conflicts between parents and their adolescent children, but this cultural division was larger.  A significant proportion of the adult generation disapproved of the values and lifestyle of the teens, and were doing something about it, including setting new rules, restrictions and prohibitions.











Boy's hair touching the ears wasn't allowed, punishable by expulsion from school.

● Most girls weren't allowed to wear pants, and boys weren't allowed to wear blue jeans. Even Stanford University prohibited the wearing of jeans in public during the 1950s.

● The new slang - hipster talk - bothered most adults. It was part African American, part beatnik and part street gang... an offensive combination in the eyes of the status quo.

● There was alarm about teens dating and "heavy petting." Any talk about sex was taboo and could be punishable.

● Many parents were worried about their daughters adoring black rock musicians, fearing the possibility of racial commingling.

● Hot rods were considered dangerous. All it took was a few fatal accidents and the other 99% of the custom cars and hot rods were considered a menace to public safety.

● Dancing to rock'n'roll music was often banned, with school and teen dances shut down."What I remember most about the 50s were rules. Rules, rules, rules... for everything. Rules about clothes — which clothes you could wear when. Rules about church. Rules about streets. Rules about play.

"The dance rules were different. Dance with girls and hold this hand, but then... you could do whatever you wanted to do! Dance looked like freedom. The only freedom this kid knew." 

The older generations were especially worried about "juvenile delinquency." In the 1950s, this didn't mean dealing in street drugs or drive-by shootings, but rather chewing gum in class, souping up a hot rod and talking back to parents.

Rock'n'roll music was attacked on all fronts, with records banned and smashed. Radio DJs were ordered not to play certain songs; rock singers (especially Elvis) were condemned; and the career of rock promoter Alan Freed, the man who named the music rock'n'roll, was destroyed by a government investigation.































School-related parties for teenagers and young adults include proms and graduation parties, which are held in honor of someone who has recently graduated from High School. A crush party is a party in a sorority or fraternity where the sisters or brothers are given a certain number of invitations (according to their “crushes”). These are passed on to friends outside of the sorority/fraternity and given to the “crushes” (while keeping secret the name of the inviter). There may be some sort of disclosure at the party, so that the guests can find out who has a crush on her/him.

Sexual relations among teenagers in the fifties were another aspect the teen culture redefined. By this time, kissing, hugging and other mild physical forms of affection were done quite frequently in public -- in the hallways at school, in automobiles, and other local hangouts. These outward expressions were almost accompaniments to most dates because of the increase in privacy the automobile and darken movie theaters lend. In fact, the ideas of "necking" and "petting" were prolific and understood by everyone who participated in dating. Definitions for these terms differed with every source though. But in general, necking was defined as "caresses above the neck," and petting are "caresses below" that (Bailey 80). In some cases, there was a difference between "petting" and "heavy petting" which would be even closer to intercourse (McGinnis 117). Kinsey, the researcher behind the infamous sex studies of the 1950's, defines petting as "any sort of physical contact which does not involve a union of genitalia but in which there is a deliberate attempt to effect arousal" (Merrill 68). "Necking" and "petting" were quite often expected while on dates. One boy wrote to some publication in response to a similar subject. He stated, "When a boy takes a girl out and spends $1.20 on her (like I did the other night) he expects a little petting in return (which I didn't get)"
But despite all the pressures to fool around, virginity was still a virtue in the fifties (Merrill 70). There was still an emphasis on preserving it as stressed by magazine articles and handbooks for young ladies. And when some girls lose it, it is a major tragedy, as one girl expressed a letter published in the May 1959 issue of Seventeen magazine expressed. She writes in, "After several months of dating, matters got out of hand. Deep down I knew it was wrong, but I didn't have the courage to stop seeing him... I believe God will forgive if one truly repents, but I know there will always be the scar". This girl here regrets her actions with a young man, and wishes she had not done what she did.

Teenagers in the fifties changed the rules of dating and, consequently, formed the basis of what today's teenagers consider normal dating. Aspects like the process of dating which included the redefined stage of "going steady" were so well-understood by all teenagers of the 1950's that information about these topics was quite prolific. Every aspect of each aspect was examined by different perspectives. Adults produced handbooks and films which served to guide their teenagers in acting the way they wanted them to during dates. Teen magazines seemed to reflect a more contemporary voice -- a voice closer to what actual teenagers felt during the fifties.
In the fifties, there were many options for a young couple looking for a good time. The most popular places to go were those that were cheap yet fun, much like dates of today. The September 1959 issue of Seventeen pointed out that the most popular places were ice cream parlors, pizza parlors, drive-ins, bowling alleys, coffee houses and record shops. The most popular and economical activity available for teenagers was watching movies. There they could be immersed in the dark with their date, enjoy a snack, and be entertained for a while. Perhaps, if the movie was played in a drive-in, you would not even have to watch the movie to be entertained!
























The vintage snapshots reveal how being stylish was just as important as study, with jean bottoms neatly rolled to create the 'perfect turn-up' and socks pulled to an exact height.
Keeping it cool: Seven Sisters Style focuses on the history of U.S. college fashion which continues to influence catwalk styles today - here a Vassar student reclines in her dormitory during the  1950s 
Keeping it cool: Seven Sisters Style focuses on the history of U.S. college fashion which continues to influence catwalk styles today - here a Vassar student reclines in her dormitory during the 1950s
Historian and Vassar College alumnus Rebecca C. Tuite, visited the archives at each institute to get a glimpse of what was 'cool' on campus decades ago. During her research she came across never-seen-before images and moth-eaten varsity newspapers.
Preppy: The tome documents what was 'in vogue' at America's top women's colleges from the early 20th century onwards, here Smith students are seen on campus in 1968
Preppy: The tome documents what was 'in vogue' at America's top women's colleges from the early 20th century onwards, here Smith students are seen on campus in 1968
On trend: After a momentary lull in the popularity of the polo coat, it came back with a vengeance thanks to the 1970 hit film Love Story, as did sleek hair, turtleneck sweaters, and preppy blouses, all seen enjoying an on-campus revival here at Bernard
On trend: After a momentary lull in the popularity of the polo coat, it came back with a vengeance thanks to the 1970 hit film Love Story, as did sleek hair, turtleneck sweaters, and preppy blouses, all seen enjoying an on-campus revival here at Bernard
'In the 18ty century it was very rare for women to be educated to this level, so students were using fashion to create these new identities as athletes as intellectuals and as American college women.
She found that by the 1930s there were two sides to the 'college look.'
Fashion Women 1986 Model on catwalk wearing Perry EllisFashion Women 1980 Model on catwalk wearing Ralph Lauren
Trendsetters: Soon college style became mainstream with designers including Perry Ellis (a model seen wearing designs in 1986, left) and Ralph Lauren (a model wearing the label in 1980) tapping into the trend
On campus during the week women would opt for more casual clothing, such as Bermuda shorts, jeans and button downs.
Ms Tuite says that these items were originally intended for men but the women 'adopted and adapted for a new look.'
Then at the weekends there was a 'transformation', as everyone got into the party spirit.
Combining style and study: Radcliffe students stroll together on a winter's day in 1954 - bare legs, socks, saddle shoes and oversized topcoats were a Seven Sister's style trademark whatever the weather
Combining style and study: Radcliffe students stroll together on a winter's day in 1954 - bare legs, socks, saddle shoes and oversized topcoats were a Seven Sister's style trademark whatever the weather
Spring break: Vassar students stretch out in their cuffed jeans and sweaters (including both a Fair Isle sweater and a cardigan buttoned backwards, which became a popular campus trend), outside in 1950
Spring break: Vassar students stretch out in their cuffed jeans and sweaters (including both a Fair Isle sweater and a cardigan buttoned backwards, which became a popular campus trend), outside in 1950
Vassar students seen in the 1950s: Skirts were required for dinner at 6pm every evening, so many students kept them on for after-dinner studying or gossiping with friends
Vassar students seen in the 1950s: Skirts were required for dinner at 6pm every evening, so many students kept them on for after-dinner studying or gossiping with friends
'Cashmere cardigans, dresses and gowns,' Ms Tuite said. 'Students might go to a neighboring men's college for dates, proms or parties.'
Soon college style became mainstream, with designers including Perry Ellis, Brooks Brothers and Ralph Lauren tapping into the trend.
'Once these clothes were just a tradition on campus, now they're a worldwide phenomenon,' Ms Tuite concludes.
























Dating essentially replaced the practice of calling which was the primary way of courtship earlier. When I was a young man and called upon my future wife, I usually shows up at her house during an "at home" session and knocked at the gate. The maid answers my greetings who then gives it to my young lady. She then is given the option of accepting my call by letting me in or rejecting it by making up an excuse as to why she cannot see me. It was not always, that my calls were accepted in the early stage of the courtship, but as time and familiarity is established, schedules of visits became informal. Refreshments were often served (though not always), and the entertainment was primarily piano playing in the parlor.

 
FORMAL INTRODUCTION TO SOCIETY PHILIPPINE STYLE
On their 18th birthday,  the parents  customarily throw a large party, complete with the Debutante’s  own hand-picked entourage of 18 individuals or multiple sets of 18. These 18 are conventionally nine males and nine females whom the celebrant pairs off into partners. The celebrant's court usually wears a uniform formal outfit chosen by the celebrant (similar to the dress of a wedding party), while the celebrant herself typically wears one or several extravagant gowns during the course of the night.



A typical ceremony begins with a short prayer invoking blessings upon the debutante. The debutante then enters, and performs traditional dances with her court for their guests. The most important one is known as the "Grand Cotillion Dance," which is usually a waltz. An "18 Roses Dance" is also done, where 18 pre-selected males who are close to the debutante dance with her after presenting her with a single red rose or her favourite flower. This dance is almost always preceded or concluded with the memorable "Father and Daughter Dance," and sometimes the father takes the place of the 18th Rose (who is often the girl's significant other). An elder male relative such as a grandfather may also take the father's place if he is unavailable for the occasion.









Aside from roses, the debutante also has 18 Candles, who are females friends or relations of the debutante. Each lady delivers a short speech about their relationship with the celebrant and/or any special greeting, and lights a candle that is either held or placed on a stand. Music and other performances are usually interspersed between the '18 items' rites, while dinner and sometimes alcohol is always served. The birthday cake ceremony often occurs, as does a fireworks display concludes for more extravagant parties. The night ends with a Debutante's Speech in which the fêted youngwoman shares her thoughts on life and extends her gratitude towards her guests.











Their hearts have not grown old;

Passion or conquest, wander where they will,
Attend upon them still.




She graduated Summa Cum Laude BSBA Class '67 STC. I believe music reinforces the efficiencies of the brain's connections, it is also true that being wise is inherited from good stock. Although, the selection process is eternally perplexing, the myriads of likes and dislikes filter our personalities to no end. However, never mind that, as I believe that the merging of our lives was that of fate and destiny in the cosmic design inherent in all living things. Whether or not you believe it to be true, I dreamt of her 15 years before we met, the street where she lived and the likeness of the child that she was. The music alone is a gift, music alone shall live never to die in our hearts.


Al Vandenberg Untitled 
American photographer Al Vandenberg moved to London in the early 1960s. This untitled photo shows three youths stood next to an advert for a shop on Archway Road.




The word teenager was not really said unitl the 1950s.  This put a title on a new and upcoming age group of men and women that are no longer kids but not yet adults.  These teenagers had a new found purpose in life, and that was to enjoy their life and to be themselves.  As a youg adult in the 30s or the 40s, your were not expected to graduate high school, then go to college, then get a job but you were expected to work and provide for your family as soon as you were able to.  This was a popular male role in those days.  As a female, you were expected to be a ”house mom” and that was pretty much it. Adults in the 1950s did not want this for their children; they wanted to give them more opportunity and a richer life. With no more depression and  the rise of prosperity, adults could spend more while less responsibility and pressure was put on the teen.  With less responsibilty and more support from their parents, teens were able to do more things such as go out with their friends more often, buy food more, buy more clothes, and buy more new music.  With all this, teens also became much more independent by not asking their parents for permission to do things and just doing them with their own authority, especially if they had their own cars.  Teens began to attend dances, make hair fads, and make clothing trends. As for music, parents believed the new trend of music, rock n’ roll, was currupting their children.






Although the war made the '40s a very difficult time for teenagers, people made do with what they had. However they would be left with the memories of WWII for the rest of their lives. During the '50s, everyone was still recovering from the horrors of World War II. People from around the world idolized the Americans, who definitely prospered during this era. For teenagers, the clean-cut "college" look was back in style. Girls often wore full skirts with bobby socks and saddle shoes, and their hair was usually in ponytails or softly curled. Beehives came into style in the late years of the decade As the '50s progressed trends started to imitate cover model, Marilyn Munroe, and young women turned to clothes that showed off their figures. Although boys' appearance began as rigidly clean-cut, it slowly changed. Teenage boys either had short crew cuts or their hair was on the slightly longer side. These young men started dressing as "bikers" or "greasers," and many imitated the popular Elvis Presley.



LIFE AT AN OHIO PROM THAT KEPT GOING, AND GOING, AND GOING ... Mariemont High School's 1958 prom.




Automobiles provided an excellent forum for sexual experimentation in the fifties. They provided the right amount of privacy for just that kind of "exploration," better known as "parking." Adults knew that "parking" happened, so instead of trying to stop the practice, which would be near impossible, they tried to contain it. For example, a police chief in New Jersey set up system where cars could park at night in county parks while patrol cars watched over them; however, the system required that the cars keep their lights on and must be parked legally. The goal of this system, which is similar to many others implemented throughout the nation, is not to control sex itself but to make it difficult for sex to occur. It manipulated times and locations so that sex was nearly impossible to happen.
During the 1950s, youth became more self-aware, and they were determined to create their own styles, which the designers followed. Throughout the decade, the teenagers became a distinct group of society, which had never been done before. Young people gained much freedom, which was attributed by some to the lack of discipline after the war and the invention of Rock'n'Roll. However with this newborn freedom also came an increase in racism, and some youth gangs appeared.
One type of music known as Rock'n'Roll greatly influenced the teens of the '50s. Saturday nights were spent at local dances where teens jived to their favourite music. Youth could also "hang out" at coffee bars or diners and listen to jukeboxes while they smoked cigarettes. Although nicotine was a very popular drug used, the other drugs that teens use now were not as prevalent in the '50s.
The '60s marked an era of teenagers, as they truly became a distinct part of North American culture. The first baby-boomers were just growing up and developing into young men and women. As this was a time of prosperity and production for North America, teens received more money and had an easy time finding jobs.
Since teens had more money to spend, more and more products were being designed specifically for them, notably clothing. Designers began to market items directly to youth, and small boutiques that sold these young and modern fashions opened up everywhere.
For girls miniskirts and tights were extremely popular, accompanied by a skimpy or see-through blouse and long loose hair. It was during this decade that the young and ultra-skinny look first made headway.
For boys, the Beatles look was very popular, and their clothes were often very colourful. Many hippies wore tie-dyed t-shirts and bell bottoms. These bright and bold outfits were seen as very daring for young men to wear as opposed to previous generations. Denim jeans also became the most worn type of pants during the '60s, and Levi's was thought of as the best brand. Common practice for teens to buy jeans too big for them and wear them in the bath to shrink them down to the "perfect fit."
Although the horrors of WWII were somewhat in the past, teens were often still very pacifist during the '60s. The protested against the war in Vietnam, and the immediate fear of nuclear war gave them even more reason to despise war. This threat of world demolition also gave youth the opportunity to enjoy their lives immediately, experiencing as much as possible, even if it had been seen as inappropriate in the past.
The '70s proved to be a drastic change in thoughts and beliefs of teenagers from the '60s. Many young people held pessimistic views of the world, and they felt very uncertain about what the future would hold.
Many people have speculated that this complete change in youthism resulted in the outrageous fashions during this time. The unisex look was in trés chic with denim becoming the most common teenage apparel. Large boots and platform shoes complemented the look, and many young women combined this footwear with hot pants and a crop top. Flared trousers were also very popular, and military colours also influenced some of the "camouflage clothes" worn by youth.

Probably the most noticeable change in fashion was the creation of the punk movement. This style was heavily influenced by musicians of this era, including the Sex Pistols and the Ramones. The glamorous clothing consisted of lots of glitter and colourful materials. Movies and television shows also had a great impact on the styles of the youth in the '70s. Saturday Night Fever made disco very popular and many teens copied the disco attire worn by John Travolta in the famous movie.

Teenyboppers, or young fans, were also an invention of the '70s. As young male stars, such as David Cassidy, were becoming more and more prevalent, these younger fans had role models who were just a few years older than themselves.
















Captured: Vietnam and the 35th Anniversary of the Fall of Saigon


Mary Ann Vecchio gestures and screams as she kneels by the body of a student lying face down on the campus of Kent State University, Kent, Ohio on May 4, 1970. National Guardsmen had fired into a crowd of demonstrators, killing four. (AP Photo/John Filo)
Captured: Vietnam and the 35th Anniversary of the Fall of Saigon 

The Youth in the 1960s made a cultural phenomenon that developed first in the United States and United Kingdom and spread throughout much of the Western world between the early 1960s and the early 1970s. The movement gained momentum during the U.S. government's extensive military intervention in Vietnam. At the same time, there was rising engagement in the African-American Civil Rights Movement, with important actions and protests taking place across the South in the 1960s, some with participation by students and activists from the North.
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As the 1960s progressed, widespread tensions developed in US society that tended to flow along generational lines regarding the war in Vietnam, race relations, human sexuality, women's rights, traditional modes of authority, experimentation with psychoactive drugs, and differing interpretations of the American Dream. New cultural forms emerged, including the pop music of the British band the Beatles and the concurrent rise of hippie culture, which led to the rapid evolution of a youth subculture that emphasized change and experimentation. In addition to the Beatles, many songwriters, singers and musical groups from the United Kingdom and the US came to impact the counterculture movement.






Back in the fifties, it was pretty much understood that boys pay for the expenses of the date. They take their girls out and show them a good time, but all of this costs money. Girls were, and some would insist still are, expensive to please especially if one takes them out frequently. The concept of Dutch dating was not acceptable back in the fifties. Both boys and girls were embarrassed by the idea. It was suggested that if a young man needed help paying for the date then the girl should give him some money before the date so the boy can still look like he paid for the meal and entertainment. This method was suggested but rarely ever practiced. Of course, today Dutch dating is quite normal.















Whereas now youngsters spend their time messaging their friends on Snapchat, these photos show how those in 1950s amused themselves in very different ways.
Images of Teddy Boys loitering in the street, children climbing lampposts and teenage girls all dolled-up for a Saturday dance were all captured by renowned photographer Roger Mayne throughout the 1950s.
And the black-and-white snaps taken in North Kensington and working class streets across the country will feature in an exhibition at The Photographers' Gallery in London from next week.
They serve as a record of a time when popular music, daring fashions and a high birth rate contributed to the boom of teenage culture.
Mayne's work is iconic in the photography world and his humanistic approach to his work before his death in 2014 influenced an entire generation of photographers.
The exhibition will run from March 3 to June 11.
Working class youngsters hang out together in a west London street in 1956 
Working class youngsters hang out together in a west London street in 1956 Teddy Boys play a ball game in a road in Kensington, London. The 1950s played host to the birth of modern teenage culture Teddy Boys play a ball game in a road in Kensington, London. The 1950s played host to the birth of modern teenage cultureTwo girls swing from ropes of a lamppost in Kensingston's Southam Street in 1958 Two girls swing from ropes of a lamppost in Kensingston's Southam Street in 1958A group of women chat in the doorway of a flat in the Park Hills Estate in Sheffield A group of women chat in the doorway of a flat in the Park Hills Estate in SheffieldA teenager plays jump rope in the road with some younger girls. One youngster can be seen pushing an old-fashioned pram A teenager plays jump rope in the road with some younger girls. One youngster can be seen pushing an old-fashioned pramA group of girls all dressed up for a 'teenage night' at a Sheffield dance club A group of girls all dressed up for a 'teenage night' at a Sheffield dance clubYoungsters huddle in Southam Street in 1959. The decade saw teenagers begin to dictate popular culture Youngsters huddle in Southam Street in 1959. The decade saw teenagers begin to dictate popular cultureA boy clambers up a lamppost to tie some rope so he and his friend can swing off it in Kensington in 1956 A boy clambers up a lamppost to tie some rope so he and his friend can swing off it in Kensington in 1956
A worker at the Raleigh bicycle factory in Nottingham. The photographer embraced the dynamic setting and low lighting to create a series of dignified portraits. The factory became famous after it was featured in the 1960 film Saturday Night and Sunday Morning
A worker at the Raleigh bicycle factory in Nottingham. The photographer embraced the dynamic setting and low lighting to create a series of dignified portraits. The factory became famous after it was featured in the 1960 film Saturday Night and Sunday Morning
A child clutches her arm and cries as she runs across the road in 1956
A child clutches her arm and cries as she runs across the road in 1956
Small girls with grazed knees do handstands against a wall in Southam Street in 1956
Small girls with grazed knees do handstands against a wall in Southam Street in 1956
Two young boys in shorts and shiny shoes stand on a London street in 1956
Two young boys in shorts and shiny shoes stand on a London street in 1956
A youngster playing conkers in Addison Place, North Kensington, in 1957
A youngster playing conkers in Addison Place, North Kensington, in 1957
Two women talk to youngsters in Southam Street. The photos were all taken by Roger Mayne
Two women talk to youngsters in Southam Street. The photos were all taken by Roger Mayne
A little girl plays with a pram in Kensington as two ladies have a chat by a lamppost behind her
A little girl plays with a pram in Kensington as two ladies have a chat by a lamppost behind her
Teenage boys play cards in a doorway in 1958. The photographs will feature in an exhibition at The Photographers' Gallery from March 3 to June 11
Teenage boys play cards in a doorway in 1958. The photographs will feature in an exhibition at The Photographers' Gallery from March 3 to June 11

Teenagers in the 1950's are so iconic that, for some, they represent the last generation of innocence before it is "lost" in the sixties. When asked to imagine this lost group, images of bobbysoxers, letterman jackets, malt shops and sock hops come instantly to mind. Images like these are so classic, they, for a number of people, are "as American as apple pie." They are produced and perpetuated by the media, through films like Grease and Pleasantville and television shows like Happy DaysThe Donna Reed Show, and Leave It to Beaver. Because of these entertainment forums, these images will continue to be a pop cultural symbol of the 1950's. After the second World War, teenagers became much more noticeable in America. Their presence and existence became readily more apparent because they were granted more freedom than previous generations ever were.
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Two debutantes making their debut at cotillion at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel, New York.



The subculture is exclusive to young girls. As a subculture, it is a "retreat and preparation", allowing girls to relate to their peers and "practice in the secrecy of girl culture the rituals of courtship away from the eye of male ridicule", also having no risks of standing out or personal humiliation, and serving as a retreat to avoid being labeled sexually. It also allows young girls to participate in semi-masturbatory rituals, since they don't have access to the masturbatory rituals common among boys. While the subculture allows them to have a space of their own, the subculture magazines offer an idealized relation with the teen idols, always implying a subordination of the female to the male, anticipating that the subordination will keep being present in their future relationships, and presenting an idealized form of marriage.
The narrative fantasies elaborated around teenyboppers serve as distractions from boring, unrewarding, or demanding aspects of life, such as school or work, and as a defensive means against the authoritarian structures at school. When shared with other teenyboppers, it allows for defensive solidarity. It allows its members to define themselves apart from younger and older girls. Their groups, like all girl groups, will rarely go above four, unlike boys, who prefer bigger numbers. It has a commercial origin and is "an almost packaged cultural commodity", emerging from the pop business and relying on commercial magazines and TV. As a result, it has fewer creative elements than other subcultures. Membership has very few restrictions, does not require elaborate spending, and requires much less competence and money than certain school activities. Due to its female members not having as much freedom as their male counterparts, the subculture is suited so that it can be followed at school or home, and a party can be made with just a bedroom, a music player and permission to invite friends.





  
In the Philippines, proms are popular in high schools. Prom usually takes place in the junior and senior years of high school, which is normally around February or March. Proms are commonly known as “JS Prom”, or, junior–senior prom. The associated student body generally organizes the event. Usually a prom king and queen are chosen. The basis for the king and queen judgment is the beauty, the fashion of the nominee, and the popularity.


Natalie Wood and Warren Beatty, 1961.

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Splendour in the Grass by William Wordsworth
What though the radiance
which was once so bright
Be now for ever taken from my sight,
Though nothing can bring back the hour
Of splendour in the grass,
of glory in the flower,
We will grieve not, rather find
Strength in what remains behind;
In the primal sympathy
Which having been must ever be;
In the soothing thoughts that spring
Out of human suffering;
In the faith that looks through death,
In years that bring the philosophic mind.
 


'WEST SIDE STORY': PHOTOS FROM THE SET OF A HOLLYWOOD CLASSIC
"Sharks, bedeviled by the tormenting of the Jets, cook up some dirty tricks. Here they pour yellow paint down on a quartet of dejected Jets. Both gangs are itching for a fight


Lutz Dille, Untitled, 1962 
1962. The photographer snaps two young men in another example of the street photography exemplified by the Tate Britain exhibition



Powell & Market a memorable place. There was a time when  people were marching as far behind me as I could see, and as far in front of me as I could see. It was an ocean of people moving peacefully and happily together through the cool, breezy streets of San Francisco, with the gingerbread trim of the old Victorian buildings smiling in surprise. What an amazing experience! More than a peace march, or protest, it was a celebration. As a nation we were on the verge of a momentous awakening. It was as though we had just discovered a truth that had been kept from us: We were huge in number, united in mind and spirit, our cause was just and we were determined to make our voice heard! We were no longer going to blindly send us youth off to foreign lands to be slaughtered like sheep. We wanted the Texan red neck LBJ out of the White House and our troops out of Vietnam














"Good weather all the week, but come the weekend the weather stinks.
Springtime for birth, Summertime for growth; and all Seasons for dying.
Ripening grapes in the summer sun - reason enough to plod ahead.
Springtime flows in our veins.
Beauty is the Mistress, the gardener Her salve.
A soul is colored Spring green.
Complexity is closer to the truth.
When the Divine knocks, don't send a prophet to the door.
All metaphors aside - only living beings rise up in the Springtime; dead beings stay quite lie down dead.
Winter does not turn into Summer; ash does not turn into firewood - on the chopping block of time.
Fresh fruit from the tree - sweet summertime!
Gardens are demanding pets.
Shade was the first shelter.
One spring and one summer to know life's hope; one autumn and one winter to know life's fate.
Somehow, someway, everything gets eaten up, someday.
Relax and be still around the bees.
Paradise and shade are close relatives on a summer day.
Absolutes squirm beneath realities.
The spiders, grasshoppers, mantis, and moth larva are all back: the summer crowd has returned!
To garden is to open your heart to the sky.
Dirty fingernails and a calloused palm precede a Green Thumb." - Michael P. Garofalo
photo













"Leaves drift softly earthward toward the grass
Spring and summer blend from green to gold
And so the seasons come full turn and pass
Day follows day and each of us grows old.

Somewhere there is a bright new shining day
And as these seasons pace and turn
We will live in joy complete and never say
That for younger days our hearts still yearn."
- Corby Magnuson,

"Seasons of mists and mellow fruitfulness,
Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;
Conspiring with him how to load and bless
With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;
To bend with apples the moss’d cottage-trees,
And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;
To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells
With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,
And still more, later flowers for the bees,
Until they think warm days will never cease,
For Summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells."
- John Keats




"Between the dusk of a summer night
And the dawn of a summer day,
We caught at a mood as it passed in flight,
And we bade it stoop and stay.
And what with the dawn of night began
With the dusk of day was done;
For that is the way of woman and man,
When a hazard has made them one.
Arc upon arc, from shade to shine,
The World went thundering free;
And what was his errand but hers and mine --
The lords of him, I and she?
O, it's die we must, but it's live we can,
And the marvel of earth and sun
Is all for the joy of woman and man
And the longing that makes them one."- William Ernest Henley,




"The season for enjoying the fullness of life -- partaking of the harvest,
sharing the harvest with others, and reinvesting and saving portions
of the harvest for yet another season of growth."


The sun was about to set and  the light was going to be just wonderful. but just as it lights up the sky on its way down, it also lights up the rest of the land. Hurling its final rays across the landscape, where a lone farmer is planting rice in an open field,

2
A Russian boy cools himself off by standing in a fountain near the Kremlin in central Moscow on June 11, 2009 as summer temperatures began to make their way past 30 degrees celcius (86 farenheit). (YURI KADOBNOV/AFP/Getty Images) #
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People practice yoga on a rocky crest filled with astronomical markers at the megalithic observatory of Kokino, Macedonia, soon after sunrise, early on June 21, 2009 -- the day of the summer solstice. The ancient astronomic observatory, about 80 kms northeast of Skopje, is more than 4,000 years old. Kokino includes special stone markers used to track the movement of Sun and Moon on the eastern horizon. (ROBERT ATANASOVSKI/AFP/Getty Images) #
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The sun sets above the teepee field as music fans start to arrive at the Glastonbury Festival site at Worthy Farm, Pilton on June 24, 2009 in Glastonbury, Somerset, England. The gates opened for the first of the 140,000 music fans arriving, at what has become one of Europe's largest music festivals. (Photo by Matt Cardy/Getty Images) #
5 An Indian motor cyclist travels alongside a yellow taxi cab during a spell of monsoon rain in Kolkata on June 30, 2009. Heavy rains which fell in several areas of northern and eastern India brought respite to the scorching heat in previous days. (DESHAKALYAN CHOWDHURY/AFP/Getty Images) #
BALD heads forgetful of their sins,
Old, learned, respectable bald heads
Edit and annotate the lines
That young men, tossing on their beds,
Rhymed out in love’s despair
To flatter beauty’s ignorant ear.
6
Lightnings illuminate the night sky of Montevideo as a thunderstorm unfolds over the Uruguayan capital on July 5, 2009. (MARIANA SUAREZ/AFP/Getty Images) #
All shuffle there; all cough in ink;
All wear the carpet with their shoes;
All think what other people think;
All know the man their neighbour knows.
Lord, what would they say
Did their Catullus walk that way?


A teenager attempts to use his skateboard to keep dry during an afternoon thunderstorm on July 27, 2009 in New York, New York. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images) #
A man walks along a street after a heavy storm in Shanghai on July 30, 2009. Torrential rain and landslides have killed at least 66 people and left another 66 missing in south and central China since the beginning of June, state media reported on July 30. (PHILIPPE LOPEZ/AFP/Getty Images) #
A man tries to open a beach umbrella on July, 30 2009 on a deserted beach in Deauville, northern France. (MYCHELE DANIAU/AFP/Getty Images) #
Under a slate grey sky a fishing boat sits in the sand of Morcambe Bay on July 31, 2009 in Morecambe, England. Many seaside traders are seeing a slow start across Britain due to the inclement weather. (Photo by Christopher Furlong/Getty Images) #
People look out to see and the gathering rain clouds as they walk on the beach on August 4 2009 in Weston-Super-Mare, England. Many popular UK tourist attractions are hoping that the wet summer weather will improve to take advantage of the large number of people who have chosen to take their holidays or 'staycations' at home this year. (Photo by Matt Cardy/Getty Images) #
The sun rises over the town of Vineyard Haven August 8, 2009 in Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts on the island of Martha's Vineyard. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images) #
A young boy climbs up from the water after trying to catch baitfish August 7, 2009 in Menemsha, Massachusetts on the island of Martha's Vineyard. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images) #
A hula dancer sits on the dashboard of an automobile as crowds line up to order seafood at The Bite, a popular destination, August 7, 2009 in Menemsha, Massachusetts on the island of Martha's Vineyard. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images) #
A young girls fishes as the sun sets August 7, 2009 in Menemsha, Massachusetts on the island of Martha's Vineyard. (Photo by Win McNamee/Getty Images) #
A lawn in Ludwigsburg, Germany, is littered with balls of hail shortly after a thunderstorm on Thursday, May 21, 2009. (AP Photo/Thomas Kienzle) #
A man relaxes in a hammock at the sea bridge of Kellenhusen at the Baltic Sea, northern Germany, as temperatures reach 19 degrees Celsius (66.2 Fahrenheit) on Monday, May 25, 2009. (AP Photo/Heribert Proepper) #
Pre-monsoon clouds hover above, as girls carry water in Ahmadabad, India, Tuesday, June 2, 2009. (AP Photo/Ajit Solanki) #


SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - JANUARY 04: A surfer performs an ariel maneuver in large swell at Bondi Beach January 4, 2008 in Sydney, Australia. (Photo by Cameron Spencer/Getty Images) #
2
EHUKAI BEACH, HAWAII - DECEMBER 11: Rob Machado of the USA wipes out during the trials of the Xbox Pipeline Masters at the Banzai Pipeline on the North Shore of Oahu in Hawaii, USA on December 11, 2002. (Photo by Grant Ellis/Tostee/Getty Images) #
3
Fabio Gouveia of Brazil in action during the 1999 Rip Curl Pro Surfing Championships from Bells Beach, Victoria, Australia. Jack Atley /Allsport #
4
A surfer jumps in the sea at the beach in Durban on 16 June, 2010 as the 2010 World Cup hosted by South Africa continues through July 11. (ARIS MESSINIS/AFP/Getty Images) #
5
A surfer tries to catch the early waves at sunrise on the North Pier Beach in Durban on June 25, 2010. (RAJESH JANTILAL/AFP/Getty Images) #
6
Australian Matt Wilkinson performs during the third round of Tahiti's surf event, part of the ASP world tour on September 1, 2010 in Teahupoo Tahiti, French Polynesia. (GREGORY BOISSY/AFP/Getty Images) #
7
VICTORIA BAY, SOUTH AFRICA - JUNE 11: Surfers walk across the rocks to reach the ocean for a sunrise surf on June 11, 2010 in Victoria Bay, South Africa. (Photo by Mark Kolbe/Getty Images) #
8
VICTORIA BAY, SOUTH AFRICA - JUNE 11: A surfer watches the waves from the breakwall at Victoria Beach on June 11, 2010 in Victoria Bay, South Africa. (Photo by Mark Kolbe/Getty Images) #
9
VICTORIA BAY, SOUTH AFRICA - JUNE 11: A surfer rides a wave during an early morning session on June 11, 2010 in Victoria Bay, South Africa. (Photo by Mark Kolbe/Getty Images) #
HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA - AUGUST 07: Cory Lopez executes an off the lip during the Hurley U.S. Open of Surfing on August 7, 2010 in Huntington Beach, California. (Photo by Jeff Gross/Getty Images) #



Combing the shores of Lake Seloton for photographs, I was greeted by a dear old friend who I often meet during my travels. Let me explain.
You see, reflections are one of my best friends when shooting at twilight. They can multiply the ebbing colors of a twilight sky and brighten-up my compositions at a time when most light and color have left the land. To be able to continue shooting long after the sun has set, reflections are great friends indeed.




POLZEATH, ENGLAND - JANUARY 20: A surfer braves the cold to take advantage of the Cornish winter waves on January 20, 2011 in Polzeath, England. (Photo by Matt Cardy/Getty Images) #

 

Philippines: The best time to photograph Batanes is when the weather is bad and unpredictable. Why?We're in Rakuh-e-Payaman in Batanes. It's a clearing-of-sorts atop a series of gently rolling hills on one end of the island. Here the wind blows with abandon, gasping to almost howling, under a grayish sky with an intermittent drizzle. Just like my vantage point, on the horizon is Mt. Iraya under a shadow cast by a canopy of fast-moving clouds. And every so often, sunlight would pierce through, momentarily lighting up the terra firma. These shafts create ripples of light that race across the shadowed landscape, lending character and drama, transforming a mediocre scene into something much more interesting. Now you don't get that effect when the weather is all nice and sunny!
POLZEATH, ENGLAND - JANUARY
20: A surfer braves the cold to take advantage of the Cornish winter waves on January 20, 2011 in Polzeath, England. (Photo by Matt Cardy/Getty Images) #

We all have our comfort zones, fortresses beyond which we rarely stray. Could we be missing something?
We were on Badian Island off the western coast of Cebu, in a small cottage that looks out over the Badian Channel. The waterway itself is narrow and so shallow that you can literally walk across at low tide. In the distance is the Mantalongan, an imposing mountain range rising to nearly a thousand feet above sea level. The sun rose from behind those mountain tops today, an experience that will be hard to forget, followed by a simmering mist that hovered over the water's surface all morning. The view is as beautiful as it is calming.
We're tempted to stay in the cool cozy indoors, sit back, and just enjoy the grand view. But the world looks very different up-close. To see the world, we need to step out of our comfort zones, into the new, into the unknown, and into destiny. Who knows what tomorrow brings? After all, we're much like what they said about ships in a harbor: they're safe there, but that's not what ships are made for

AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND - FEBRUARY 12: A surfer makes good use of the waves during the Day of Giants Surfboat race regatta at Piha beach on February 12, 2011 in Auckland, New Zealand. (Photo by Phil Walter/Getty Images) #
[iptc:caption] #
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - MARCH 12: Beau Foster of Australia competes in the Open Trials during the Boost Mobile Surfsho at Bondi Beach on March 12, 2011 in Sydney, Australia. (Photo by Cameron Spencer/Getty Images) #
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - MARCH 13: Owen Wright of Australia competes in the final of the Boost Mobile Surfsho at Bondi Beach on March 13, 2011 in Sydney, Australia. (Photo by Cameron Spencer/Getty Images) #




Philippines: The best time to photograph Batanes is when the weather is bad and unpredictable. Why?We're in Rakuh-e-Payaman in Batanes. It's a clearing-of-sorts atop a series of gently rolling hills on one end of the island. Here the wind blows with abandon, gasping to almost howling, under a grayish sky with an intermittent drizzle. Just like my vantage point, on the horizon is Mt. Iraya under a shadow cast by a canopy of fast-moving clouds. And every so often, sunlight would pierce through, momentarily lighting up the terra firma. These shafts create ripples of light that race across the shadowed landscape, lending character and drama, transforming a mediocre scene into something much more interesting. Now you don't get that effect when the weather is all nice and sunny!
POLZEATH, ENGLAND - JANUARY
20: A surfer braves the cold to take advantage of the Cornish winter waves on January 20, 2011 in Polzeath, England. (Photo by Matt Cardy/Getty Images) #

We all have our comfort zones, fortresses beyond which we rarely stray. Could we be missing something?
We were on Badian Island off the western coast of Cebu, in a small cottage that looks out over the Badian Channel. The waterway itself is narrow and so shallow that you can literally walk across at low tide. In the distance is the Mantalongan, an imposing mountain range rising to nearly a thousand feet above sea level. The sun rose from behind those mountain tops today, an experience that will be hard to forget, followed by a simmering mist that hovered over the water's surface all morning. The view is as beautiful as it is calming.
We're tempted to stay in the cool cozy indoors, sit back, and just enjoy the grand view. But the world looks very different up-close. To see the world, we need to step out of our comfort zones, into the new, into the unknown, and into destiny. Who knows what tomorrow brings? After all, we're much like what they said about ships in a harbor: they're safe there, but that's not what ships are made for

AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND - FEBRUARY 12: A surfer makes good use of the waves during the Day of Giants Surfboat race regatta at Piha beach on February 12, 2011 in Auckland, New Zealand. (Photo by Phil Walter/Getty Images) #

SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - MAY 01: A bodyboarder rides a wave at Mackenzies Bay on May 1, 2011 in Sydney, Australia. (Photo by Cameron Spencer/Getty Images) #
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA - MAY 01: A surfer rides a wave at Mackenzies Bay on May 1, 2011 in Sydney, Australia. (Photo by Cameron Spencer/Getty Images) #
A surfer sits on a surfboard during the Malibu Longboard Invitational of the Ocean Festival Series in Malibu, California in July of 1997. Harry How/Allsport #
HOSSEGOR, FRANCE - OCTOBER 5: Kelly Slater of the USA in action during his victory over Paul Canning of South Africa at the Quiksilver Pro at Hossegor, France on October 5, 2002. Slater advances to the quater finals where he takes on Australian surfer Luke Hitchings. (Photo by Grant Ellis/Getty Images) #
A surfer carves the wave at the Jaws Tow-In World Cup in Pe'' Ahi, Maui, Hawaii in January of 2002. Donald Miralle/Getty Images #

A surfer rides a wave in South Africa in April of 1997. Mike Hewitt /Allsport










































































































































































































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